Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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Which
of the following are likely topics for a course in biology? a. | Why does the
Texas horned lizard squirt blood out of its eyes? | b. | How is a banded
pipefish able to hide in its environment of seaweeds? | c. | What chemicals
cause plant stems to lengthen or flowers to bloom? | d. | All of
these. | | |
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2.
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Questions about living things that can be answered by biologists are
_____. a. | what | c. | how | b. | why | d. | all of these | | | | |
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3.
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The
part of an experiment in which all conditions are kept the same is the _____. a. | hypothesis | c. | conclusion | b. | control | d. | independent variable | | | | |
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4.
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Technology has allowed humans to produce more food and reduce the chance of starvation
by individuals in some countries. How has this advance created additional technological
needs? a. | The technology
has allowed populations to continue to grow, creating the need for additional
food. | b. | The technology caused salts to be deposited in
soils. | c. | The technology caused the false belief that the problem was
solved forever. | d. | All of these. | | |
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5.
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Water
is lost to the abiotic parts of the biosphere from the biotic parts by the process of
_____. a. | precipitation | c. | transpiration | b. | photosynthesis | d. | infiltration | | | | |
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6.
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Sea
stars live in saltwater ecosystems. Some species live in shallow tidal pools, while others live in
the deepest parts of the oceans. This is a description of the _____ of sea stars. a. | habitat | c. | niche | b. | community | d. | none of these | | | | |
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Figure 2-1
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7.
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Referring to Figure 2-1, as matter and energy move from grasses to coyotes, the amount
of available energy _____. a. | increases | b. | decreases | c. | decreases then increases | d. | increases or
decreases but population size remains the same | | |
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8.
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The
organisms growing on the log in Figure 2-8 are ____?
Figure 2-8 a. | producers | c. | carnivores | b. | autotrophs | d. | decomposers | | | | |
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9.
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An
uncut lawn becomes a meadow and eventually a forest. This process is an example of
_____. a. | aphotic
zones | c. | estuary | b. | primary succession | d. | secondary succession | | | | |
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Figure 3-3
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10.
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In
Figure 3-3, where will you be most likely to find the greatest diversity?
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Figure 3-6
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11.
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Look
at the graph in Figure 3-6. What does this graph tell us about this species of
plant? a. | too much
sunlight can hurt them | c. | heat is damaging
to them | b. | they thrive in a lot of sun | d. | they need plenty of water | | | | |
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Figure 3-7
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12.
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What
type of species would be most likely found in the area labeled D in Figure 3-7? a. | one that
requires plenty of oxygen | b. | plants that require light | c. | amphibians that
need a warm habitat | d. | decomposers that feed on dead
organisms | | |
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13.
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If
you released a new species of deer into each of the stages shown in Figure 3-5, in which stage would
the species be most successful?
Figure
3-5
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14.
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Which
of the following problems do immigration and emigration pose for demographers? a. | Demographers
must provide for more city services. | b. | Demographers cannot identify the age structure of
immigrants. | c. | Demographers find it difficult to make predictions about
populations. | d. | Demographers study growth rates, age structures, and geographic
distributions of populations. | | |
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15.
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The
effect of local population fluctuations in rapidly expanding suburbs may _____ schools, roads, and
police and fire services. a. | stress | c. | have no effect on | b. | reduce the need
for | d. | none of
these | | | | |
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16.
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The
effect of movement of people between counties has _____ effect on total world
population. a. | a
damaging | c. | a
great | b. | little | d. | no | | | | |
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17.
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A
country that has a stable population is characterized by an age structure that is
_____. a. | about the same
among all groups | b. | largest among pre-reproductive years | c. | largest among
reproductive years | d. | largest among post-reproductive years | | |
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18.
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The
giant land tortoises of the Galapagos Islands and sequoias of California have among the longest life
spans of any organisms. This indicates that they likely employ a strategy of _____. a. | rapid
reproduction | c. | early sexual
maturity | b. | slow growth | d. | all of these | | | | |
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19.
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For a
particular species, the carrying capacity is the maximum number of individual organisms that
_____. a. | the species
could reach in a given time period if all the offspring survive and
reproduce | b. | could be supported by a given environment
indefinitely | c. | are in their post-reproductive years | d. | could be
supported by any environment over a period of one year | | |
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20.
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Population control factors whose effects increase as the size of the population
increases are _____. a. | abiotic factors | c. | limiting factors | b. | density-dependent factors | d. | density-independent factors | | | | |
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21.
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How
many electrons can a carbon atom share?
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22.
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Electrons move about the nucleus of an atom in regions called _____. a. | electron
clouds | c. | air | b. | nuclei | d. | isotopes | | | | |
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23.
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Water
dissolves many ionic and molecular compounds because of its _____. a. | ionic
bonding | c. | covalent
bonding | b. | polarity | d. | hydrogen bonding | | | | |
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24.
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When
molecules of glucose and fructose combine to form sucrose, they do so by _____. a. | hydrolysis | c. | condensation | b. | electron clouds | d. | radiation | | | | |
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25.
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A
chlorine atom becomes a chloride ion when it _____. a. | gains an
electron | c. | gains a
neutron | b. | loses an electron | d. | loses a proton | | | | |
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26.
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The
total number of atoms in a molecule of sucrose, C12H22O11, is
_____.
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27.
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An
unsaturated lipid contains _____. a. | more oxygen than hydrogen | c. | ionic bonds | b. | double
bonds | d. | only one fatty
acid | | | | |
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28.
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Unlike carbohydrates and fats, proteins contain _____. a. | nitrogen | c. | hydrogen | b. | carbon | d. | oxygen | | | | |
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29.
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Diffusion continues until there is no _____. a. | dynamic
equilibrium | c. | concentration
gradient | b. | turgor pressure | d. | homeostasis | | | | |
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30.
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Brownian motion is evidence of _____. a. | polar
ions | c. | chemical
energy | b. | random motion of molecules | d. | microorganisms | | | | |
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31.
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Folded membranes are an advantage to a cell because _____. a. | cell processes
can be more efficient | b. | the membranes provide a large surface
area | c. | the membranes
form interconnected compartments | d. | all of these | | |
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32.
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Who
concluded that all plants are made of living cells? a. | Virchow | c. | Schwann | b. | Hooke | d. | Schleiden | | | | |
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33.
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All
living things are made up of _____. a. | cells | c. | wastes | b. | cork | d. | cellulose | | | | |
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34.
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If a
cell contains a nucleus, it must be a(n) _____. a. | plant cell | c. | animal cell | b. | eukaryotic
cell | d. | prokaryotic
cell | | | | |
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35.
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Which
of the following might be a result of a disease that causes a thickened plasma
membrane? a. | increased
movement of molecules entering the cell | b. | decreased movement of molecules within the
cell | c. | decreased
movement of molecules entering the cell | d. | increased movement of molecules leaving the
cell | | |
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36.
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A
cell contains the structure shown in Figure 7-7. What other cell structure that is not found in all
eukaryotic cells is likely to be found in this cell?
Figure 7-7 a. | mitochondria | c. | cell wall | b. | ribosomes | d. | plasma
membrane | | | | |
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37.
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Water
moves into a cell placed in a(n) _____ solution. a. | osmotic | c. | hypotonic | b. | hypertonic | d. | isotonic | | | | |
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38.
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A
gene is a segment of DNA that controls the production of _____. a. | carbohydrates | c. | centromeres | b. | microtubules | d. | proteins | | | | |
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39.
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If
the sides of a cell double in length, its surface area becomes _____ times as large.
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40.
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Which
conditions shown in Figure 8-4 might cause a cell to burst?
Figure 8-4
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41.
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What
cell process is responsible for the effect shown in Figure 8-5?
Figure 8-5 a. | active transport | c. | facilitated diffusion | b. | passive
transport | d. | osmosis | | | | |
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